Chernivtsi: the identification of the initial tuberculous changes in the lungs can only radiological survey methods
within the last three years the incidence of tuberculosis in the city of Chernivtsi is as follows: 2013. – the incidence rate of active tuberculosis of respiratory organs was 36,79 100 thousand population, with a contagious form – 19,59, 2014. – the incidence rate of 33,99, with a contagious form – 15.99 and 2015. the incidence rate of active tuberculosis of respiratory organs – 42,2, with a contagious form – 30,19. In December 2015, registered deaths from tuberculosis in the husband of a ward of the Chernivtsi geriatric boarding house. Registered isolated cases of respiratory tuberculosis among schoolchildren and students in secondary schools. As seen from the figures, the trend towards increase for the first time revealed patients with active tuberculosis of respiratory organs. The main source of TB infection is people with TB, which distinguishes Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum when coughing, sneezing, talking. Unrecognized patients on time, not considering himself to be infectious, and continue to lead a normal lifestyle and therefore especially dangerous to others. The source of infection may also be a tuberculosis patient cattle, the infection occurs mostly via the milk. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is extremely resistant to various natural factors, especially drying. So, they persist in the dust for about 2 weeks. During intensive movement of air ( sweeping the floor, people moving around a speck of dust containing bacilli, rise into the air and penetrating into the lungs, causing a TB infection. It is therefore very important to carry out damp cleaning in premises, offices, public transport. It is believed that every patient with "open" TB infects 10-15 people a year, described a case that 54 people. In spite of this not all of us have TB. The fact of the penetration of mycobacteria in the organism, which is defined as the infection does not equal disease. Under the influence of the human immune system the bacteria change their biological properties to inactive forms and only under certain conditions pose a threat of developing the disease. Such a threat becomes real under the influence of the risk factors that lead to lower immune protection. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among the population aged 40 years and older is 80%. This means that the condition can not only in case of insufficient nutrition, poor living conditions, grueling work, but any healthy person that has undergone stress, surgery, trauma, etc. Tuberculosis has long been considered a satellite of damp climate, poor nutrition and poverty. Therefore, social factors, such as the lack of permanent residence, stay in places of imprisonment, unemployment, poverty is also important. Complicated epidemic situation in the great migration, malnutrition, alcohol consumption. Still a major role in the occurrence of tuberculosis plays a combination of the aforementioned factors. To identify the initial tuberculous changes in the lungs can only x-ray methods of examination. Chernivtsi city administration notes that x-ray examination of the chest is considered the most effective method of TB detection. Among the adult population there is a lack of awareness of fluorography examination of the chest, which must occur at least 1 time in 2 years, for decreed groups, medical patients, smokers every year. Meanwhile, it is the most effective method of early detection of the disease, which at this stage is treatable and does not lead to disability. The second method of prevention of tuberculosis among children and adolescents is timely conducting tuberculin tests and BCG inoculations. Tuberculosis may begin under the "mask" of acute respiratory illness, influenza, acute chronic bronchitis, pneumonia. The main symptoms of the disease are: – the cough more than two weeks; – fever more than 7 days; – dyspnea; – pain in the chest area; – poor appetite, constant fatigue; – unexplained weight loss; – excessive sweating, especially at night; – hemoptysis (blood in sputum). What kind of research allow to diagnose? Medical examination, examination of sputum under a microscope, chest x-ray and others that You will be advised by the doctor. How is it treated? There are special anti-TB drugs. A patient with tuberculosis, the doctor prescribes a combination of several medications that complement each other. The course of tuberculosis treatment should continue for at least 6-8 months. The most important thing during treatment is to strictly comply with all recommendations of the doctor, and in any case not to interrupt the treatment. It is important to identify tuberculosis in its early stages. If at this time you should treatment, in most cases, achieved a stable and full recovery. Prophylactic healthy people should observe the rules of personal hygiene, adhere to a balanced diet, give up bad habits, especially Smoking and lead a healthy lifestyle, to avoid cold-related diseases and consult physicians. This was reported in the Chernivtsi city Council.Ïåðåâåäåíî ñåðâèñîì "ßíäåêñ.Ïåðåâîä÷èê": translate.yandex.ru.
Source: http://uzinform.com.ua/
