In Vinnytsia oblast may 22 – international day for biological diversity
22 may the world celebrates the international day of biodiversity. This day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 2000 in honor of the adoption of 22 may 1992 of the Convention on biodiversity. It was from that time the conservation of species became a subject of international law. The circulation and purification of natural waters, soil conservation and climate stability, the quality of food and medicines, raw materials for industry, safe life environment – all this is possible in so far as the saved on Earth the diversity of species, ecosystems, landscapes. Among the threats to the conservation of species should be called deforestation, sagatovna of channels, ploughing up of steppe and meadow plots of natural vegetation, draining of wetland complexes, unregulated grazing of domestic animals. A significant threat also remains invasion – the appearance of alien, invasive species from other ecosystems and their further uncontrolled reproduction. As an example of alien plants aggressor is the common ragweed, cow parsnip and maple Asinelli. In this regard, it is worth remembering the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (a separate agreement on how to conduct economic activity, so she was not accompanied by invasion and control the spread of genetically modified organisms), which is an integral part of the Convention on biodiversity. For conservation and species protection it is necessary to provide a conservation status of typical and unique ecosystems and landscapes, areas that are natural habitats for many species of animals and plants. To this list can be attributed to the recovery of the river basins, in particular through the establishment of the terrain of coastal shelterbelts, especially in steep slopes areas; saving wetlands, enhance their ability of the waterproof and photoregulating. A special place is controlling the proliferation of alien (invasive) invasive species and genetically modified organisms. On the preservation of water bodies significantly affected by rates especially with open stretches, no vegetation, and an annual discharge of water. The best solution to this problem would be the construction of ponds for fish farming deprivation in the channels, away from the main channel of the river. Although, artificially created water bodies sometimes contribute to the spread of wetland birds and positively influence the conservation of biodiversity. In recent years in the field increased the number of wetland bird species on the ponds, some of which are covered with thickets of riparian and wetland vegetation. However, ponds that are dominated by open reach, as a rule, have a low index of biodiversity. Also on the status of water bodies significantly affected by plowing of coastal shelterbelts, especially small rivers that leads to their shallowing and even to the disappearance. Natural systems in Vinnytsia region is quite diverse. Forests, steppe lands, meadow marsh and aquatic ecotopes, scenic landscapes, small rivers, pobugskoye and Transnistria. In their natural state left neosure, bogs, hills, areas along rivers, where preserved natural vegetation. The area of these plots is up to 5% of the area. the area has more than 200 species of higher plants listed in the Red book of Ukraine and those under international agreements of Ukraine. Among the animals listed in the CITES Convention in the territory of the region is home to 138 species. Among these can be called flat yellow, Arum of Bessara – grows only in the Volyn-Podolsk upland, sphagnum moss, water Lily snow-white, Euonymus dwarf. Over the past ten years in the region actively worked for the protection of such areas and include them in the natural reserve Fund. the oblast has a population of 408 of territories and objects of natural reserve Fund (including 1 national Park and 4 regional landscape Park) with total area about 60 thousand hectares, which is 2.2 % of the area. In the field drafted and approved the regional lists of rare species of animals and plants. Relevant to species conservation remains the establishment of a unified system of territories, ensuring the preservation and restoration of the environment. This system is called the territories to comerial and consists of sections of relatively untouched nature, where animals and plants are almost devoid of human influence (the core of the ecological network), and the territory in which these areas are interconnected (ecological corridors). For example, the nuclei of the ecological network can be two forests and along the corridor – the river flowing between them. Channel and the banks of the river, the animals can move from one forest area to another. Such local system are merged into larger ones, which in turn form a global Comerio. Ecological network is the minimum that we leave living creatures of the Earth, and which must be liberated from the influence of human activities. In the framework of the Regional program of ecological network was developed and approved by regional Council Regional scheme of ecological network of the region, developed and approved the local scheme of the econet of Zhmerinskaya, Murowana-Kurylovetskomu districts, cities Nemiroff and Bar. In General, among the territories bequeathed Vinnytsia region we can mention: National Park "Karmalyukove skirts," forests which are characterized by the exceptional richness of dendroflora. The nature Park represents the southern skirts, where the typical landscape and biotic complexes absorb a significant amount of subsredizemnomorem and South-Eastern elements, which here are on the Northern and Western boundaries of its distribution. Regional landscape Park "Murafa," on the territory of which grow mainly forest and steppe types. Among them are rare, listed in the Green book of Ukraine: almonds low, oak, dogwood, and to group the hornbeam-oak forest of Quercus robur ivy, grouping hornbeam-oak forests volosistogo and hornbeam-oak forests aglialoro. Among the fauna found reed Bunting, meadow Warbler and Savi's Warbler. Regional landscape parks "middle pobuzhya" and "Nemirovsky pobugskoye". Decoration of parks are the shallows of the riverbed of the southern bug river with rapids, which are formed in places where the surface of the river outcrops of crystalline rocks of the Ukrainian shield. Vegetation is represented by deciduous forests and steppe vegetation. Among the endemic and relict species – bereka, len Bessarabian, Euphorbia polychrome, onion Podolsky, as well as fauna in need of special protection: spring Adonis, Lily of the forest, snowdrop common, harvestmen ceramicist, lady's slipper, ordinary gnizdivka, Platanthera, Orchis helmet. They are all listed in the Red book of Ukraine. Regional landscape Park "Dniester", which is a natural ecological corridor that combines a huge variety of species of flora and fauna. Zharski all-Zoological reserve of national importance, situated in the valley of the river Zhar, where preserved in their natural state wetlands. Grow Salvinia natans, Orchis lewicki. There are podulichny, colpisa, glossy IBIS, osprey, white – tailed eagle, ermine, river otter, listed in the Red book of Ukraine. But in recent years, a number of negative factors that threaten the integrity of the ecosystem. Such factors are high, the amplitude of the fluctuations of water level in ponds, causing flooding and loss of nests around water and water bird species; poaching during the spring migration of birds in the season of hunting for ungulates and fur-bearing animals; the expansion of recreational areas; recreational pressure and burning of vegetation. Overcoming these and other challenges, to save the unique complex of wetlands of Podillia, its flora and fauna is possible only under condition of strengthening of the protection regime in the reserve by creating on its base a national nature Park. According to the Department of ecology and natural resources of Vinnytsya regional state administration This was reported in the Vinnytsia regional state administration.Ïåðåâåäåíî ñåðâèñîì "ßíäåêñ.Ïåðåâîä÷èê": translate.yandex.ru.
Source: http://uzinform.com.ua/
