The rules had to be followed to avoid hypothermia and frostbite body
the Causes of frostbite and hypothermia of the body can be: low temperature (below 10-15 degrees), strong winds, close raw shoes, forced prolonged fixed position of the body prolonged exposure to the cold in a state of alcoholic intoxication. To avoid hypothermia and frostbite body, is stick to simple rules: ? Wearing loose clothes. It promotes blood circulation. Better to wear three thin sweaters than one thick. Between layers of clothing is the air that holds the heat. ? Tight shoes, no insoles contribute to frostbite of the extremities of the legs. ? Don't go out in the cold without a scarf and gloves, preferably wool or such that do not get wet, with the fur inside. ? Do not drink alcohol! Alcohol creates the illusion of warmth, but actually only provokes even more heat. ? Do not smoke in the cold! Smoking reduces peripheral blood circulation and makes the course more vulnerable to the cold. ? Do not carry on a frost metal jewelry, including gold and silver. The metal cools faster than the body, the earrings can stick to the earlobe. The rings, and hamper blood circulation, which accelerates frostbite of the hands. ? Before the frost it is desirable to eat – this will give you extra energy. You can't go outside with wet hair! Therefore, at the time the frost from the morning wash it before work should be abandoned. ? In children thermoregulation is not adjusted, and in the elderly impaired. So grandparents with children should not walk in the cold for more than 15-20 minutes. Should go and bask in the warm room. ? Do not allow frostbitten area (faster supercooled nose, ears, cheeks) to freeze again. Then the damage can be even greater. If you have experienced hypothermia, you need to go to the nearest caf?, shop, entrance, every warm room to warm up. Frozen hands can be quickly warmed under the armpits. In the wind frostbite probability is increasing! Clinical signs of hypothermia: ? chills, shivering; ? cyanosis of skin, lips; ? the decrease in body temperature; ? pain in the fingers and toes; ? yawning, apathy; ? weakness; ? loss of consciousness; ? shallow breathing. First aid for hypothermia First aid for hypothermia and frostbite is in a rapid end to the cold and restore blood flow in the body. The victim was transported to a warm room, warm frostbitten limbs for 40-50 minutes in the bath (or bucket) with water, the temperature of which gradually increases from 18 to 40 o C due to the periodic podlivaniem hot water. Simultaneously massage in circular motions from the fingertips and up to the reddening and warming of the skin. During the massage, the victim should try to move my limbs to restore circulation. After warming and massaging the affected limbs are wiped dry, was applied a compress and bandage. The victim wrapped in a warm blanket, give hot drinks, hot food. In any case, do not RUB affected area with snow! After continued exposure to low temperatures, in addition, small crystals of ice can damage the skin (capillaries) and thus open the way for contact with the human body pathogenic microorganisms. Point massage. Perfectly warm frozen feet acupressure. And massage to not do legs, and fingers. Right in the center of the upper phalanx of the middle finger is the essential point. Here is the magic "heater". Carefully massage these points on both hands, and in a minute all over the body will spread the heat well and warms his feet. Hypothermia Its main causes - prolonged stay in water or even a short stay in the icy water. The human response to hypothermia depends on the degree of adaptation of the organism to cold. To prevent it while bathing it is necessary to limit the residence time in the water and adjust the breaks between getting in the water. To chills should not be used by the people of any age. The signs of hypothermia: chills, shivering, cyanosis of skin, lips, decrease in body temperature, pain in the fingers and feet, the appearance of “goose skin”, yawning, hiccups, loss of consciousness. The victim comes apathy, drowsiness, weakness, shallow breathing. The degree and speed of onset of hypothermia depends on the water temperature and adaptation to cold. Mild hypothermia appear chills, muscle tremors, weakness, difficulty walking, blanching of the skin. The victim needs heat to wear, to drink hot tea or coffee, to get to perform intense physical exercises. A further dip in the day stops. Moderate hypothermia is characterized by cyanosis of the lips and skin, weakening of respiration, the pulse becomes less frequent, somnolence, loss of capacity for independent movement. In severe hypothermia can occur loss of consciousness. Vital signs gradually fade away. Event first aid Mild hypothermia, the victim must dress warmly, drink hot tea or coffee, to get to perform intense physical exercises. A further dip in the day stops. In moderate and severe hypothermia the victim we need to grind wool cloth, warm under a warm shower (if it is placed in the bath, the temperature of the water increases gradually from 30-35°C to 40-42°C), to do a full body massage. Then heat to wear, to bed, to warm heating pads. Warming should be gradual, to avoid the sudden drop in temperature. The Department of civil protection of the regional state administration This was reported in the Vinnytsia regional state administration.Ïåðåâåäåíî ñåðâèñîì "ßíäåêñ.Ïåðåâîä÷èê": translate.yandex.ru.
Source: http://uzinform.com.ua/
